Automatic Train Operation

In rail transportation, automated train operation (ATO) describes the automated control of vehicles, but also the assumption of train crew tasks by automated systems. These are divided into so-called degrees of automation (GoA), from simple train control to fully automated operation without on-board personnel at level GoA-4. Different challenges arise depending on the application domain.

In the mainline railway sector or operation in accordance with the Railway Construction and Operating Regulations (EBO), it is generally assumed that ATO is combined with the European ETCS system for train control (ATO over ETCS. In the area of streetcars, on the other hand, the Tram Construction and Operating Regulations (BOStrab) apply, where ETCS cannot be assumed and complex urban scenarios and driving based on environmental sensors are the rule in order to ensure safety. The same applies to shunting operations.

Accordingly, there are different challenges for automation, which are covered by Fraunhofer: From the planning of speed profiles along ETCS to the safe, AI-supported perception of the environment while driving and the sensory perception of passenger changes, through to the verification of reliability in virtual, simulative test environments. Fraunhofer is also developing and testing innovative concepts such as automated Monorail applications.